Download speed is the amount of data that is transferred per second between two Internet-connected devices. It may be expressed in various units which are multiples of a BIT - the smallest unit in computers. Those are bits, Kilobits, Megabits, Gigabits and so on. To convert Kilobits to Megabits you have to divide them by To convert the Megabits to Gigabits you have to divide them to again and so on.
The download speed is determined by your service provider and the hardware limits of the connection. For example the highest download speed of a Base-T connection is Megabits. Of course that speed is the maximum that can be reached on such hardware and may be slower based on the Internet plan that you have signed for. You can check your download and upload speeds at SpeedTest.
The download and upload speed are usually different. In most cases the upload speed is much slower than the download speed. If the two are equal we call such connection symmetric.
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About words, or characters. Bandwidth is also, in a way, an internet connection's maximum capacity, and we can express it in units of bits per second. Internet bandwidth can also represent the maximum speed an internet connection can have.
However, when moving a file from one computer to another, the maximum transfer speed will depend on the slowest bandwidth that the data has to go through - which can be anywhere in the route. To better understand this, let us consider an example. Let's say that your friend wants to send you his new MB megabytes video creation over his 10 Mbps megabits per second internet connection. On the other hand, you will be receiving the video file over your 5 Mbps home internet connection.
For this example, let us assume that the upload and download speeds for both connections can use their entire bandwidths. Since the file will also be coming through the much lower 5 Mbps connection, this will be the maximum transfer speed that we can get for this data transfer. But, to determine the upload and download speeds of your connection, you can use any third-party speed test applications that can be accessed online through your browser. Now that we know how to determine the transfer speed for our uploads and downloads, we can now calculate a file's download time or duration.
Calculating download time is as simple as dividing the size of the file you wish to transfer by the transfer speed of the network that the transfer will go through. However, we have to be careful with the units we use, since this could be quite confusing. Let us consider the example above for our sample computation. To calculate how long to download the MB video over a 5 Mbps internet download speed, we can use the equation below:. But first, let us convert the units of the file size in terms of megabits, which is equivalent to 1 million bits.
To do so, we'll be using the conversion table above under the SI system. With that said, we now have this computation:. As shown above, the MB video file will finish downloading in less than 11 minutes over a stable 5 Mbps connection. However, if somebody else in the house uses the internet while you're downloading this video file, it could take much longer to complete the download because of congestion in the data transfer.
Aside from calculating the download time of a file from the internet, you can also use this calculator to determine the transfer duration from, let's say, a computer to an external storage device like a USB flash drive. However, you must first know the transfer rate of your connection to calculate the transfer duration. You can also use this download time calculator to determine your download speed. However, for this, you have to time how long to download a particular file.
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